圍護結構的保溫性能通常是指在冬季室內外條件下，圍護結構阻止由室內向室外傳熱，從而使室內保持適當溫度的能力。圍護結構的隔熱性能通常是指在夏季自然通風情況下，圍護結構在室外綜合溫度和室內空氣溫度波作用下，其內表面保持較低溫度的能力。
　　圍護結構的保溫性能和隔熱性能兩者的主要區別在于：
　　（1）傳熱過程不同：保溫性能反應的是冬季由室內向室外的傳熱過程，通常按穩定傳熱考慮。隔熱性能反應的是夏季由室外向室內以及由室內向室外的傳熱過程，通常按以24h為周期的波動傳熱來考慮。
　　（2）評價指標不同：保溫性能通常用圍護結構的傳熱系數K值或傳熱阻R值來評價；隔熱性能通常用夏季室外和室內計算條件下，圍護結構內表面最高溫度來評價。如果在同樣的夏季室外和室內計算條件下，其內表面最高溫度不大于當地夏季室外計算最高溫度，則認為符合夏季隔熱要求。
　　（3）構(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)措施(shi)不同(tong)：由于(yu)(yu)圍(wei)(wei)護結(jie)構(gou)的(de)保溫(wen)(wen)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)主要(yao)取(qu)決于(yu)(yu)其(qi)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)熱(re)(re)系數K值(zhi)或(huo)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)熱(re)(re)阻R的(de)大小(xiao)，而圍(wei)(wei)護結(jie)構(gou)的(de)隔(ge)熱(re)(re)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)主要(yao)取(qu)決于(yu)(yu)夏季室(shi)外和(he)室(shi)內(nei)計算(suan)條件(jian)下(xia)內(nei)表(biao)面(mian)最高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)的(de)高(gao)低。對于(yu)(yu)外墻(qiang)(qiang)來說，由多(duo)孔輕質保溫(wen)(wen)材(cai)料構(gou)成(cheng)的(de)輕型墻(qiang)(qiang)體(ti)或(huo)多(duo)孔輕質保溫(wen)(wen)材(cai)料內(nei)保溫(wen)(wen)墻(qiang)(qiang)體(ti)，其(qi)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)熱(re)(re)系數K值(zhi)可(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)小(xiao)，或(huo)其(qi)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)熱(re)(re)阻R值(zhi)可(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)大，即其(qi)保溫(wen)(wen)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)可(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)好，但因其(qi)實輕質墻(qiang)(qiang)體(ti)，熱(re)(re)穩(wen)(wen)定(ding)性(xing)(xing)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)差，或(huo)因其(qi)是(shi)輕質保溫(wen)(wen)材(cai)料內(nei)保溫(wen)(wen)墻(qiang)(qiang)體(ti)，其(qi)內(nei)側的(de)熱(re)(re)穩(wen)(wen)定(ding)性(xing)(xing)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)差，在夏季室(shi)外綜(zong)合溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)和(he)室(shi)內(nei)空氣溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)波作(zuo)用下(xia)，內(nei)表(biao)面(mian)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)容易升得(de)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)，即其(qi)隔(ge)熱(re)(re)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)可(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)差。也(ye)就是(shi)說，保溫(wen)(wen)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)通常受(shou)構(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)層次排列的(de)影(ying)響較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)小(xiao)，而隔(ge)熱(re)(re)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)受(shou)構(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)層次排列的(de)影(ying)響較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)大。相(xiang)同(tong)材(cai)料和(he)厚(hou)度(du)(du)(du)的(de)復合墻(qiang)(qiang)體(ti)，內(nei)保溫(wen)(wen)構(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)，隔(ge)熱(re)(re)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)差；外保溫(wen)(wen)構(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)隔(ge)熱(re)(re)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)好。造(zao)(zao)(zao)成(cheng)上(shang)述情況的(de)原因從(cong)保溫(wen)(wen)和(he)隔(ge)熱(re)(re)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)指標的(de)計算(suan)方法和(he)計算(suan)結(jie)果中(zhong)可(ke)(ke)以了解(jie)得(de)更為清楚(chu)。

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